{"product_id":"turkey-paperback","title":"Turkey","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eA history of Turkey's rebirth from Ottoman collapse to Republic covering 1918-1923.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMustafa Kemal Pasha led Turkey through its rebirth after the Ottoman Empire's collapse. The Turkish National Movement faced Greek occupation, Allied intervention, and the Treaty of Sèvres that threatened to dismember the nation. As the Grand National Assembly met in Angora, Kemal Pasha organized resistance against foreign forces while rebuilding a nation shattered by war. The 1921 Battle of Sakarya marked a turning point, where Turkish forces defeated Greek advances. Kemal's leadership transformed Turkey from a defeated empire into a modern republic. The Treaty of Lausanne in 1923 recognized Turkey's sovereignty and established its modern borders. This period saw the end of the Capitulations, the expulsion of foreign powers, and the foundation of a new Turkish state. The struggle to balance Eastern traditions with Western reforms defined Turkey's path forward.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Desert Raven Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49476456480923,"sku":"DRP-HIS-PBK-TURKEY","price":19.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0772\/6543\/6827\/files\/2ddc09d3a84b827832f8ff328d462244_1083f5b2-6592-439a-897b-c886bd869300.jpg?v=1788912999","url":"https:\/\/store.desertravenpress.com\/products\/turkey-paperback","provider":"Desert Raven Press","version":"1.0","type":"link"}